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Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Comparative studies on the effect of environmental pollution on secondary metabolite contents and genotoxicity of two plants in Asir area, Saudi Arabia

Asmaa Mahmoud Radwan1 , Naglaa Fathy Reyad1, Abd El Raheim Mohammed Donia2,3, Majid Ahmad Ganaie4

1Biology Department, College of Science, Girls branch, King Khalid University, Asha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 2Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 3Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt; 4Pharmacologyy Department, Pharmacy College, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

For correspondence:-  Asmaa Radwan   Email: amradwan@kku.edu.sa

Accepted: 27 July 2018        Published: 31 August 2018

Citation: Radwan AM, Reyad NF, Donia AE, Ganaie MA. Comparative studies on the effect of environmental pollution on secondary metabolite contents and genotoxicity of two plants in Asir area, Saudi Arabia. Trop J Pharm Res 2018; 17(8):1599-1605 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v17i8.19

© 2018 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the phytochemical contents and genotoxic effects of Ficus carica and Schinus molle grown in healthy and polluted environments in Asir area, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: Extracts of the aerial parts of the plants were screened for phytochemical constituents. Genotoxicity tests were carried out in mice using Comet assay, micronucleus test and chromosomal analysis.
Results: Extracts of the two plants grown in polluted soil showed elevations in phytochemical and heavy metal contents, when compared with extracts from non-polluted sites. In genotoxicity tests, F. carica and S. molle extracts produced significant increases in the number of micro-nucleated cells in mice, compared to control. Cytotoxicity tests showed that extracts from plants grown in non-polluted environments did not decrease polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) to normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) ratio in bone marrow cells, relative to control. Mice in the vehicle control group showed some aberrant metaphases and a few aberrations per hundred metaphases.
Conclusion: Pollution has significant effects on phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, and genotoxic potential of the two plants

Keywords: Ficus carica, Schinus molle, Pollution, Genotoxicity, Total phenolic compounds, Total flavonoids

Impact Factor
Thompson Reuters (ISI): 0.523 (2021)
H-5 index (Google Scholar): 39 (2021)

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